A Father's Love In Art Form And Legacy
If you are ask me what is my favourite artwork, I could think of many but one of my favorite artworks is the so called "Victorian Blood Book" or "Amy Book" a very startling manuscript created by John Bingley Garland, a man who never considered himself an artist.
A self-taught English merchant and politician, he produced a series of forty-five "Blood Collages" in the 1850s, a full sixty-two years before Picasso and Braque were credited with inventing the medium.
Garland's masterpiece is a decoupage assembled from hundreds of engravings, including works by William Blake, meticulously cut and arranged on buff paper. He enriched these compositions with religious texts in pen and ink, gold paper, gouache paint, and his most unforgettable signature: the languid, crimson drops of red India ink. These "blood" drips from everything—from platters of grapes and tree boughs to statuaries and skeletons. Crosses seep, a cheetah drools, and angels dangle bloody sashes.
While all these imagery is rooted in the religious iconography, intended to represent the blood of Christ, the effect is overwhelmingly visceral. The sheer repetition suggests of a fixation that goes beyond the symbolic, as if the artist was pulled toward the physical reality of hemorrhage itself. The book was a deeply personal project from John Bingley Garland to his daughter, Amy.
With an inscription at the beginning of the book reads: “A legacy left in his lifetime for her future examination by her affectionate father,” and it is dated September 1, 1854. Since Amy was married a year after this dedication, scholars believe the book was a betrothal or wedding present.
Modern viewers often find blood motif startling but the intended meaning was one of devotion, not horror. Garland's own descendants have explicitly stated that their family does not refer to it as the "Blood Book," but rather as "Amy's Gift," which they see as “a precious reminder of the love of family and Our Lord”.
The book’s actual title appears to have been "Durenstein!"—a reference to the Austrian castle where the crusader King Richard the Lionheart was imprisoned. The title and the blood imagery together depict “the spiritual battles encountered by Christians along the path of life and the ‘blood’ to Christian sacrifice”. For Garland, a devout high-Church Christian, the blood was a vivid symbol of the redemptive price paid by Christ, meant to serve as a spiritual guide for his daughter as she embarked on her adult life.
The creation of this was an unusual pursuit for a man of Garland's station. In the Victorian era, scrapbooking was primarily a female pastime, typically used for collecting newspaper clippings. Garland's project, with its artistic and religious ambitions, was an outlier.
He was not a professional artist but a prosperous merchant and politician who served as the first speaker of Newfoundland's parliament. He created the book after retiring from public life, assembling it from hundreds of engravings, including works by William Blake, combined with handwritten religious texts and commentary.
The book's current location is the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin, where it forms part of the collection of the novelist Evelyn Waugh, who acquired it for his library of Victorian curiosities.
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When I look at this art work: I could somehow connect with it, perhaps sensing the love behind the strangeness, the sincerity beneath the skill, or the desire to create special and meaningful outside of established rules says something beautiful. Garland did not wait for permission to make something profound.
He saw beauty and meaning where others might not. He blended devotion with daring. And he made it for someone he loved. It is not just art but a legacy made by hand. Her daughter was keeping a father’s tender, peculiar, heartfelt gift alive and that is meaningful work.
This makes the "Victorian Blood Book" not just a bizarre artifact, but a profoundly human story. It is about love, faith, and the lengths we go to protect what we cherish.